Flexural Test For Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer Coursework

Flexural Test For Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer - Coursework Example After that a flexural test will be finished utilizing a three point twisting technique. The principle goal of this analysis is to grow the information about the GFRP and its conduct. Glass fiber strengthened unsaturated polyester (GFRP) were exposed to water drenching tests to know the consequences of the water retention on the mechanical properties. 20 examples with 10cm long of GFRP were utilized to this analysis, estimating their weight under various kinds of water and temperatures. Salt water and typical water was under 20c and 60c temperatures. The heaviness of these examples was taken during an alternate timeframes. The heaviness of the GFRP examples was expanded somewhat in the two kinds of water for a couple of days until it was steady. After that a flexural test (three point bowing test) was done on these GFRP examples. (H Dhakal, Z Zhang, M Richardson, 2006) Equipment 1: Water ingestion test The retention of water for the Glass fiber-strengthened polyester (GFRP) remains th e key system for corrupting mechanical property in this investigation. A water shower machine as in the figure (ten) and two cups of glass as on the figure (eleven) were utilized in this test. The water shower has 6oc water and the two cups were at 20c water temperature. The loads of one single example from each gathering were taken in an alternate time periods.â Â ... Gathering 1 and 2 were in two containers set apart with An and B as on the figure (thirteen). Container A was containing new water and container B was containing salt water. The 2 containers were inside a water shower machine at 60c water temperature. Gathering 3 and 4 were in two cups of glass set apart with An and B as on figure (eleven). Cup A was containing new water at 20c and cup B was containing salt water at 20c too. Each gathering has five examples. The loads of one single example from each gathering were taken in an alternate timeframes utilizing a delicate scale as on figure (fourteen). At the principal day the weight was taken each hour for 6 hours. After that the weight was taken once consistently until the weight is settled. Toward the end the flexural test was accomplished for all the examples and each example has its own flexural chart. Figure thirteen: containers at 60c temperature Figure fourteen: delicate scale Results and Discussion: Water assimilation test Water retention test were led by drenching the GFRP examples in de-ionized water and salt water. The water shower machine at 60c was containing 2 gatherings, bunch 1 was in A container containing a typical water and gathering 2 was in B container containing a salt water. Gatherings 3 and 4 were at 20c in a glass cups bunch 3 was in A glass cup containing a typical water and gathering 4 was in B glass cup containing a salt water. The submersion for the examples into the water was absolutely for 144hr. after submersion for 1hr, one example from each gathering were removed from the water and all surface water was evacuated with a clean delicate dry material. The examples were weighed routinely at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 24, 48, 72, up to 144hr. ( H Dhakal, Z Zhang ,M Richardson ,2006) After submersion the GFRP examples into the water for seven days at encompassing temperature at 60c and 20c, all

Climate change and H5N1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Environmental change and H5N1 - Essay Example This subtype infection was first found in 1960 in china. It was then found in Hong Kong as an immediate transmission of the infection from flying creatures to people. Ongoing investigations show that the wide spread measurements of the infection is accounted for more than 60 nations on the planet. Researchers have been keeping watch to dissect whether the worldwide environmental change has any hazard factors towards the across the board viral circumstance (Joan,138). Various examinations have been accounted for towards the infection exceptionally pathogenic avian flu infections H5N1. Through understanding the reasons for the condition method of spread, discoveries can be finished up towards the impacts of environmental change as a hazard factor. Various examinations will be broke down here. Various years will be investigated moreover. Information for the diverse mainland spread is broke down here through the periods when the worldwide climatic impacts were felt. The sickness flu is brought about by transmission of the infection from winged animals to people. The inclining hazard factor is coming into contact with the infection. Research was done over the various mainlands from January 2004 to December 2009. All through this period, the plague waves are surveyed. A worldwide temperature alteration that has upgraded the mosquito transmitting the infection to flourish in various landmasses. These have been felt generally in the northern America just as Europe. The over the top warmth during the late-spring time frame has seen an enormous episode of the malady. The mosquito transmits the feathered creature thusly it enters the human frameworks. The infection has been broke down and seen to endure all the more adequately during the chilly climate. This thusly prompts its wide spread throughout the winter and late-spring. The worldwide change in atmosphere has cause an alternate pattern in the development of winged animals that convey the infection from Asia to different pieces of the world. Their development involves a more extended remain in one spot, absence of standard relocation development in time evaluation, the length before halting

Judy Chicago Essay Example for Free

Judy Chicago Essay Judy Chicago was a â€Å"celebrated craftsman, author and a women's activist. † On July 20, 1939, Arthur and May Cohen of Chicago, Illinois who were then a work coordinator and a clinical secretary individually were honored with a child young lady and they named her Judy. In 1962, she earned her Bachelor’s Degree on Fine expressions at UCLA. Following 2 years, she got her Master’s certificate on a similar course and at a similar college. By 1977, Judy was at that point getting honors and compensations for her fine arts and craftsmanship presentations especially at the â€Å"Los Angeles County Museum of Art. † In 1969, Judy chose to change her name to Judy Chicago to pay tribute to her old neighborhood. She had the option to lead a â€Å"one-lady appear at California State University at Fullerton in 1970. † While Judy’s vocation was developing, her exquisite life was not doing so well. Following 2 years of marriage Jerry Gerowitz, she turned into a widow. At that point, she met Lloyd Hamrol in 1969 and separated from him following 10 years. Her last spouse was Donald Woodman whom she wedded in 1985 (Harvard University Library). At the point when Chicago was in her late 20’s to mid 30’s, she tried different things with the utilization of â€Å"reduced geometric shapes. † More along these lines, she used every different type of craftsmanship to pass on her moderate style. The usage of essential structures and hues joined with the avoidance of â€Å"incisive social commentary,† Chicago had the option to put structure or significance to her thoughts and workmanship procedures. Therefore, she had the option to make craftsmanships that â€Å"were formulative to her milestone â€Å"spectral color† hypothesis that has educated all regarding her ensuing work† (Through the Flower). During the 1960s to 1970s, American culture was stimulated by activism which urged people in general to scrutinize business as usual or the decision class. It was in this period that Chicago was motivated to start another development in the craftsmanship world called the Feminist Art (Through the Flower). The unordinary political and social perspectives on Chicago were the aftereffects of â€Å"her youth impacts, for example, her dad who was an individual from the Communist Party and perceived the persecution of ladies. † She was viewed as a major aspect of the â€Å"red-diaper baby† type wherein the vast majority of the kids conceived in the mid 1940s were brought up in a continuously way which was a â€Å"spillover of the WWII climate of liberal and Communist thinkers† yet on account of Chicago, it was to a greater extent a â€Å"working-class Jews† situation. All the more thus, inside the family Judy, the â€Å"left-wing politics† supplanted Orthodox Judaism. † Through this, Judy was molded into having a personality that was connected to the Jewish culture with a notoriety of being a scholarly with â€Å"a responsibility to social equity. † This plainly turned into the establishment for the production of Chicago’s radical and socially important works of art including the Holocaust Project: From Darkness Into Light (WordPress. com). Chicago began to show women's liberation through craftsmanship instruction and other scholastic projects for ladies at â€Å"California State University, Fresno, and the California Institute of the Arts. † According to Chicago, â€Å"Women’s history was ignored or included, rather than coordinated into the full history of the human species†¦both verifiably and unequivocally the message that is conveyed is that what ladies did wasn’t important† (Pogrebin 1). It was in these scholarly organizations that Chicago established the â€Å"Feminist Art Program† that yielded the Womanhouse, which was the â€Å"first establishment exhibiting a transparently female perspective in workmanship. Chicago’s thoughts assisted with starting an overall Feminist Art development. † Then this was trailed by the production of Chicago’s one of most well known gem, The Dinner Party. This fine art was centered around depicting the historical backdrop of ladies. It was a mixed media venture that demonstrated the advancement of the female specie in the Western Civilization. As a result of the ground breaking idea and exceptional methodology and the tremendous help from the individuals everywhere throughout the world, The Dinner Party turned into a gigantic achievement (Through the Flower). The Dinner Party is a 48 feet triangle-formed table which is set for 39 critical ladies from history to folklore. Every one of the arrangement of plate was planned to outwardly respect the comparing lady. Various sorts and plans of table products were flung everywhere throughout the table. Be that as it may, it was the plates that encapsulated Chicago’s innovativeness and particular characteristics. The plates were painted with â€Å"an undulating, flowerlike reflection of womanliness. † Additionally, the porcelain base contained the 999 additional names of separated ladies everywhere throughout the world. In this specific gem, Chicago was attempting to confer women’s history to wide and various kinds of people (WordPress. com). In general The Dinner Party was an enormous endeavor for Chicago that mirrored her enthusiasm, convictions and character. After this, Chicago wandered into making another extraordinary bit of craftsmanship which was called Birth Project. This venture was involved a few gigantic â€Å"series of birth and creation pictures for needlework,† which were unpredictably made by gifted specialists from various pieces of the nation. In her later years, Chicago had the option to deliver various works of art in different structures, for example, compositions, models, drawings and numerous others. In Powerplay, she consolidated a women's activist perspective to the â€Å"gender build of masculinity† (Through the Flower). Through Judy Chicago’s enduring conviction that craftsmanship can be an instrument for passing on â€Å"intellectual change, social change and women’s option to take part in the most elevated level of workmanship production,† she had the option to change how ladies saw in present day world. In view of her numerous accomplishments, she had the option to build up herself as a â€Å"an craftsman, essayist, instructor, and humanist whose work and life are models for a developed meaning of workmanship, an extended job for the craftsman, and womens right to opportunity of expression† (Judychicago. com). Works Cited â€Å"Biography. † 2009. Judychicago. com. 13 April 2009 http://www. judychicago. com/? p=biography â€Å"Chicago, Judy. † September 2004. Harvard University Library. 13 April 2009 http://desert garden. lib. harvard. edu/desert garden/convey/deepLinkcollection=oasisuniqueId=sch00326 â€Å"Judy Chicago. †2009. Through the Flower. 12 April 2009 http://www. throughtheflower. organization/page. php? p=40n=3 â€Å"Judy Chicago: Art As Activism. † 26 October 2007. WordPress. com. 13 April 2009 http://ourdescent. wordpress. com/2007/10/28/judy-chicago-craftsmanship as-activism/Pogrebin, Robin. â€Å"Ms. Chicago, Party of 39? Your Table’s Ready in Brooklyn. 1 February 2007. The New York Times. 13 April 2009 http://www. nytimes. com/2007/02/01/expressions/plan/01party. html? pagewanted=1_r=3fta=y

Traditional African Religions Essay - 275 Words

Traditional African Religions (Essay Sample) Content: NameProfessorCourse DateAfrican Traditional Religions versus ChristianityIn the past decades, the African religious beliefs were practiced and valued by many Africans (Mbiti 56). However, in the last fifty years, Christianity has become more prominent. Theoretically, West African has the highest population of Africans who still value these traditions. There are several differences between Christianity and the African Religious traditions. In the paper, the differences are categorized in terms of perceptions of God, divinity, the role of the spirit, the dead and sacrifice.The perception of GodIn their belief, the African traditionalists do not consider God to be a man (Thomas 88). However, for them to relay certain perceptions, they employ certain images and languages to aid their conceptualization of him that they do not see. In their religion, God is an all-day reality, who participates in all the affairs of their activities (Mbiti 59). Christians on their part belie ve in one God, who they refer to as Omnipotent.The DeadIn Christianity, The biblical teaching shows that human beings have only one life on earth. After death, they believe in a single judgment of the soul followed by punishment or the everlasting rest of the soul depending on the deeds on earth. However, many forms of African religions educate on the reincarnation of the spirit into the realms of living (Magesa 68).Role of the SpiritIn African Traditional Religions, when a person is possessed by the spirit, there were negative consequences that could follow (Walls 79). However, in some cases, the spirit was only acquired to gain certain wisdom (Thomas 78). In contrary, the Christians believe that the spirit of God comes to all who believe in Lord Jesus. To them, a spiritual possession was a sign of consideration as sons of God.Sacrifices African traditional religions bel...

Internet Censorship - Just Say No - 1369 Words

Internet Censorship: Just Say No In December of 1994, a young college student named Jake Baker posted one of his fiction pieces in an alt.sex newsgroup. Usually, his contributions to this widely-read site consisted of short stories about rape, torture, and murder of women. In this particular newsgroup post, he continued with his usual contributions; however, he took it a bit further by writing about one of his fellow classmates, using her name and identity in the piece. Faculty members at the University of Michigan discovered his story and later expelled him from school. Federal agents then raided his house, arrested him, and discovered copies of e-mail Baker had exchanged with a Canadian, mapping out his and the Canadians plan to†¦show more content†¦Obviously, Jane Doe couldnt ignore something like that so easily, and it was only natural that she pressed charges. But according to the First Amendment and federal law, Bakers threats were unsuccessful; therefore, no action couldve (or shouldve) been taken ag ainst him. In thinking about cases such as Jake Bakers, it truly would be too difficult to enforce United States standards and regulations on a global medium such as the Internet. There are probably millions of sites out there on the Web that contain such sexual content as did Bakers story. As one University of Michigan student mentions, The Internet allows individuals access to a larger audience. This effectively gave Baker a larger audience for his stories, which otherwise would have never seen them....I definitely question the wisdom of allowing just anyone access to such publishing power...but Im not sure that I even consider Usenet news as real media (http://krusty.eecs.umich.edu/). The same student goes on to say that Bakers stories were reserved only for a section entitled alt.sex.stories -- a place filled with sexually explicit stories -- therefore, Baker had the right to publish his offensive sex stories, since it was contained within this separate Internet section. Usenet news may not be real media, but I still think that the Internet would be too difficult to censor entirely,Show MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Censorship1199 Words   |  5 PagesAmerica, find censorship helpful when it protects their children from harmful things, but they are against censorship when it is used out of context. Parents seem to appreciate censorship more when it shelters children from learning indecent things in the world that could cause danger to themselves or the others around them (Pillai, Prabhakar ). But censorship is not always good like when it is used in school’s or in books; but censorship can be helpful when it is used on the internet, social mediaRead More Internet Censorship Survey Essay1610 Words   |  7 PagesInternet Censorship Survey Topics of censorship involving the different media have always drawn lively responses from people when asked about them. The media categories of television, printing and recordings now include the Internet. I conducted a survey of people to find out their opnion on the new medium. I asked people, Do you think that there should be censorship on the Internet?. I conducted this survey during the week of February 14, 1997. I particularly chose this question becauseRead MoreEssay on Pros and Cons of Censorship: Controlling Media and Ideas769 Words   |  4 PagesCensorship, or what I like to call â€Å"controlled media†, is the control of ideas and content in our world. For as long as people have discovered that human beings have free will, there has been a way to regulate, govern and block the expression of its uses. There are many types of censorship when it comes to military, religion, political, public media or for just morale reasons. There have naturally been debates on whether censorship has truly been a restraint of expression, imposed to protect peopleRead MoreThe Invention Of The World Wide Web1674 Words   |  7 Pagesto another, to wondering if it were safe, there have always and will continue to be questions about the great creation. As time has passed and the web has gotten more sophisticated, more questions are constan tly brought up wondering how safe the internet is for the users. Those users ranging from businesses that use the web to gather consumers to the casual user who roams leisurely through the web for various reasons. In this day and age where the web is such an essential part of life, there areRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Internet Censorship1042 Words   |  5 PagesCensorship comes in many forms and for a lot of different reasons but when it comes to the internet, for the most part it is beneficial. It can provide security for sensitive material. The things that minors are exposed to can be limited. Also you can make sure that it is not used to cause chaos. Furthermore it would seem to be a beneficial part of online life. It can provide security for important documents and conversations. Internet censorship can help with cyber security when important informationRead More Internet Censorship Essay802 Words   |  4 PagesInternet Censorship Internet Censorship. What does this mean to us? What is restricted? Censorship is summarily defined as the suppression of objectionable material. That means that material such as pornography, militant information, offensive language, anti-religion, and racism would be restricted in use. Freedom would not only be restricted to material placed on the web, but also what you could access, and where you could explore. Should the right of Freedom of Speech be taken away fromRead MoreInternet Censorship Essay994 Words   |  4 Pagesthey want to or not. In this day in age where just about everything is regulated in one fashion or another, many are calling for the censorship of Internet pornography. While some say it is a necessity when it comes to the industry, others argue it is downright unlawful. Internet pornography is a billion dollar industry that shows no signs of slowing down. Some argue that it may be high time to step in and slow it down for them in the form of censorship. A recent study concluded that there are aroundRead MoreCensorship And Censorship Of The Internet985 Words   |  4 Pagesissue of Censorship of the Internet in America has become a trending topic. The internet has been commonly censored to comply with the Digital Millennium Rights Act, but in recent times our government has been requesting more aggressive censorship in order to provide a safer cyberspace. If the American government began to censor the internet, the restriction will result in suppression of freedom of the press, hindering freedom of speech, and reduce the plethora of information on the internet. If AmericaRead MoreCensorship Filters The Media Within The World1574 Words   |  7 PagesDoes censorship filter the media within the world? Censorship has followed the free expressions of men and women like a shadow throughout history. Censorship is a way to filter the media in the world by suppressing unacceptable viewings or hearings by not showing, bleeping out, and covering the distasteful parts. In ancient societies, China for example, censorship was considered a logical tool for regulating the political and moral life of the population. The term censor can be traced to the officeRead More We Dont Need Internet Censorship Essay1350 Words   |  6 PagesWe Dont Need Internet Censorship Censorship is an extremely controversial issue. There have been hundreds of thousands of essays written about whether or not censorship on the Internet is right or wrong, but so far, no precise conclusion has surfaced. Ive researched into the topic, but I havent completely sided with one or the other. There are just good reasons against censorship. This essay briefly discusses some reasons why the Internet should be censored, but will then mainly focus

Psychological Effects of Television on Children’s...

Does violence on television have a negative effect on children and teenagers? The violence seen on television has had surprising negative effect. Violence shown on television causes children and teenagers to develop behavioral problems and learning disabilities. Such behavioral and learning problems include; language development, school performance / learning, cognitive development and their general behavior to others (Kinnear 27). In a study on the correlation between violence and television done with 1,565 teenage boys over a six-year period in London, William Belson, a British psychologist, found that every time a child saw someone being shot or killed on television they became less caring towards other people. William Belson also†¦show more content†¦Children who watched television alone were 8.47 times more likely to have language delay when compared to children who interacted with their caregivers during television viewing (Dorey 47). As recommended by the American Aca demy of Pediatrics (AAP), â€Å"Children under the age of 2 should watch no television at all, and after age 2 watch no more than one to two hours of quality programming a day† (Bettinghaus 57). Therefore, exposing such young children to television programs should be discouraged. Parents should engage children in more conversational activities to avoid television-related delays to their children language development, which could impair their intellectual performance (Dorey 47). Television can affect learning and school performance if it exceeds the time kids need for their crucial for healthy physical and mental development. Most of childrens free time, especially during the early development years, should be spent in activities such as playing, reading, exploring nature, learning about music or participating in sports. Research has shown that childrens exposure to television during the preschool years is predictive of academic outcomes during adolescence. The most notable le sson about thisShow MoreRelatedHow Television Viewing Affects Children Essay926 Words   |  4 PagesHow Television Viewing Affects Children (Rough Draft) The Department of Education states that television is viewed an average of three to five hours per day by children. Too much television can have an everlasting affects on children, such as violent behavior, aggressive behavior, poor school performance, obesity, early sexual activities, and early drug and alcohol use. Television can affect children both physical and psychological (qtd. in Graham 1). Some argue that television does not affectRead MoreEssay on Child Development1286 Words   |  6 Pagesthoughts that play is a child’s first step in attaining â€Å"cultural and psychological achievements†. (Bettelheim 324) The author also mentions Freud’s notation of how children use play to â€Å"express† themselves. (Bettelheim 324) Play is vital for the maturation of toddlers’ emotional and mental health. Bettelheim, in his article, reflects on Fraud’s understanding of â€Å"how children use play to work through and master quite complex psychological difficulties of the past and present†. (Bettelheim 324) As a motherRead MoreMedia Violence Essay1529 Words   |  7 Pagesthe link between televised violence and violent behavior amongst adolescents. Current studies have shown a direct correlation between aggressive conduct and watching violence depicted in many media services and suggest that media is a variable that put children at risk of aggressive behavior (Huesmann, Moise-Titus, Podolski, Eron, 1992). According to the American Psychological Association, watching playing violent scenes them on games and television, can desensitize children to the suffering andRead MoreCauses and Effects of Violence in Children Essay1698 Words   |  7 Pageschildren per year may witness or be victims of violence in their home, schools, or communities across the United States. Childhood exposure to violence has a huge overwhelming impact on children’s development, affect emotional growth, cognitive development, p hysical health, and school performances. This increase in children’s exposure to violence suggests that more children are at risk than what was expected. Has the definition of violence changed or now the society does not consider the impact ferocityRead MoreSocial Media Sites Impacting Children and Teens Essay1358 Words   |  6 Pagesincluded more surveys or interviews involving the participants. Assumptions Social media can greatly affect anyone, no matter the age. With the research provided there is an accurate assumption that social media can have a negative and positive effect on the youthful. Schools have allowed kids to do homework with electronic devices even though some teachers agree that social media has a heavy impact on students. Social media can be a positive outlet for those who practice it correctly and can increaseRead MoreHow Does Tv Affect Children1346 Words   |  6 PagesI really don’t understand why my niece who is only 6 years old always watches TV almost all the time. I also don’t know when she became addicted to watching television. Actually, I think maybe she likes watching TV because she might have nothing to do. It could also be her grandma who always offers to turn on the TV for her. What is the real cause, though? I can understand if it is because she has nothing to do. But sitting in front of the TV all day? No way! I don’t get it. I ha ve to see my nieceRead MoreHave Childrens Behavior Become Worse in these Recent Years? Essay1261 Words   |  6 Pagesextremely important is the high correlation among children’s bad behavior. This has become one of the biggest issue because of many safety problems. There has been an increase in violence among children that has created a lot of safety issues. As the facilitation that we have for media, the children’s behavior has also increased. There are many influential factors that have made children behave worse as time went by. Even there are many causes to this bad behavior, there are a lot of solutions that we canRead MoreEssay Television and Media - TV Violence is Ruining Children842 Words   |  4 PagesViolence is Ruining Children    A young child sits in front of a television watching cartoons while his mother runs around the house doing various chores.   The mother passes the room the child is in and glances at the television each time she passes.   The child is watching Sesame Street.   Then, a half an hour later, Mr. Rogers is on. The mother walks into the room a half an hour later and stops in horror at what is on the television.   Her young son is watching the same station as before, but nowRead MoreThe Impact Of Media On Child Development1510 Words   |  7 Pagesentertain themselves. Video games are the number one form of entertainment among youths in my personal opinion. Media and entertainment influences a lot to do with child development as it can interfere with the psychological and emotional development of children to adolescents causing aggressive behavior and disorderly conduct. (Need a thesis). Firstly, the media portrays many visual perceptions to the viewers on for examples, the ideal body image of women. These beauty standards, largely increased throughRead MoreDoes Television Affect Social Interaction? Essay1043 Words   |  5 Pageshidden danger lurking in our homes, and the origin may surprise you. Television has been around since the early 1950’s but behaviorists have just recently begun to start studying the effects these machines may have on children, social interaction and families. Research has begun to show negative consequences of television on children’s development and socialization proving that it does reduce and affect social interaction. Television, the dancing pixels behind a glass screen that have entranced many

Red Bull Marketing Mix Free Sample

Question: Discuss about the Understanding for Marketing and Events of Red Bull. Answer: Introduction Red Bull was founded in the year 1987 by an Austrian Company Red Bull GmbH with Dietrich Mateschitz, the entrepreneur (Red Bull 2016). Originally, the beverage was based on a Thai drink, Krating Daeng, and Red Bull was created as a completely new "energy drink" category in the beverage market (Red Bull 2016). The famous company slogan is "Red Bull gives you wings" and it has been giving wings to people setting up milestones in culture and sports (Red Bull 2016). Over 5.9 billion cans were sold in 2015 representing an increase in the sale by 6.1% (Red Bull 2016). The company employed 10,997 people at the end of 2015 (Red Bull 2016), and the revenue was reported as 5.11 billion Euros worldwide in 2014 (Statista 2014). Currently, Red Bull is available in more than 169 countries with Turkey, India, South Africa and Russia as its top market (Forbes.com 2015). Evidently, Red Bull has been increasing its global presence, and the goal is to spread its wings across the world. The corporate cu lture of the company has an adventurous spirit helping it to build an enviable performance record. The company has various departments and functions to manage the organization (Forbes Asia 2013). The beverage is highly appreciated by the top athletes, students and other people in demanding professions. A few Red Bull events are Red Bull Crashed Ice, Red Bull Cliff Diving World Series, Red Bull Racing, Red Bull Flugtag (Red Bull 2016). SWOT Analysis Strengths Red Bull has a unique marketing strategy that is considered a one of the core competencies. The brand has a strong consumer base as it supplies products at sporting events, clubs, universities and other sites where the individuals are open to trying new things. The brand has a large market share in comparison to competitors such as Monster, etc (Caffeineinformer.com 2016). Weaknesses The product base of the brand is small. The brand has a lack of effort to innovate new product variants. The drinks are above the average price creating a dilemma in minds of consumers. The competitor activities and brand extensions outperform Red Bull (Bailey 2015). Opportunities Red Bull can accelerate its growth in the emerging markets. The product line can be extended by offering new flavours and formats to retain/improve market share. New production facilities can make the retail price more competitive (Bailey 2015). Threats The marketing costs lead to rising pricing and require significant financial backing. Media reported that Red Bull is harmful to health due to high caffeine and taurine content. Monster is the greatest threat as it contains natural ingredients (Mitchell 2015). Table 1: SWOT Analysis Marketing Mix and Concepts A marketing mix is an integral tool for building an effective marketing strategy. There are two theories related to marketing mix: Seven Ps concept proposed by E. Jerome McCarthy and Seven Cs concept by Robert F. Lauterborn (Hajli 2015). Seven Ps Seven Cs Concepts Product Consumer wants and needs Product is an item that satisfies consumer demands. A brand or company sells products as desired by the consumers. The marketers must study the consumer desires and needs for offering them products that they are willing to purchase. Price Cost Price is the amount paid by the customer for purchasing the product. The cost of a product is affected by various factors but is not limited to customers cost to change. The companies also list prices based on competitive pricing. Place Convenience Distribution strategy defines the ease or convenience to consumers for accessing products. The marketers must know how to make the products conveniently available to the consumers. In the era of internet, consumers need not go anywhere to purchase product as it can be delivered. Promotion Communication Promotion is a combination of advertising, sales promotion, public relations and various other strategies for marketing the product. Methods of communication are used to convert desire of consumers into sales. People Caring People strategy ensures that the organization cares for its employees. The employees must be provided with motivation for delivering quality products and services. Process Co-ordination The process strategy involves efficient communication and coordination in an organization. The organization identifies customer needs and requirements. Physical Evidence Confirmation Physical evidence acts as the proofs that can be witnessed by the consumers. The evidence is usually in a tangible form that justifies its presence in the market. Table 2: Concepts of Marketing Mix Source: (Hajli 2015) Marketing Mix Elements Product Red Bull is a caffeinated, sweet drink aimed to give consumers the high energy kick. The taste of the beverage is unlike any other drink in the market. The ingredients contain B-vitamins and various others that act as functional element. The product is available in variants such as original, sugar-free, total zero and various other editions (Red Bull 2016). Price The price of product is premium across the world. The product is always priced more than its competitors following the premium pricing strategy (Hollensen 2015). Place Red Bull uses the tactic not to open its official shops; rather they sell their products in local markets for minimizing the sales cost. The product is easily available at any retail, food or drink outlets (Hollensen 2015). Promotion Red Bull uses the most suitable form of reaching its consumers. The products are promoted in the youth market and through lifestyle (Chionne and Scozzese 2014). Red Bull uses the above elements of marketing mix through various promotional activities and events. The brand markets its products through events such as Red Bull Cliff Diving World Series, Red Bull Crashed Ice and Red Bull Air Race where the participants need energy for navigating challenging obstacles. The brand also sponsors championship shows and races. These events attract large crowds and are broadcast taped and live in many countries. The target markets of the brand are students, extreme sports fans, clubbers, and careerists. The youth mainly participates and watch the show through which word-of-mouth marketing is also attained (Penna and Guenzi 2014). People Various departments are involved in the organization for production, marketing, operations and overall management. Red Bull cares for its employees to deliver quality outcomes and take the organization to a next level (Hollensen 2015). Process Red Bull covers many facets of the world. The event managers and partners capitalize opportunities available for Red Bull help the broadcasting and production. The process of communication drives loyalty and consumer engagement (Hollensen 2015). Physical Evidence There are various physical aesthetics provided by red Bull. The physical sites and location for constructing sport events act as physical evidence. The ambassadors who promote can also be considered as physical evidence. The cans and positioned stations are another feature (Hollensen 2015). Classification of Events Figure 1: Event Categorization Figure 2: Categorization of Events Red Bull Events Red Bull mainly conducts events and advertises through sponsorships. Mega Events Mega events largely affect the whole economy and are mainly conducted internationally. Red Bull Crashed Ice is an extreme winter sporting event conducted for world championship. The competition is conducted for individuals, teams and women (Chionne and Scozzese 2014). Red Bull Cliff Diving World Series is an annual international series in which the drivers jump from a height ranging 2628 m. The competition is conducted in various nations for both men and women (Chionne and Scozzese 2014). Major Events Major events help in attracting significant visitors, media coverage and economic interests. The competition between individuals represents nations. Red Bull Racing is an Austrian Formula One racing team where the team partners for more than just associates. The brand partners with Total, Tag Heuer and various others where the teams have passion for innovation (Red Bull Racing Formula One Team 2016). Red Bull Flugtag is an event organized by Red Bull in which the participants attempt to fly homemade human powered flying machines. The competition was reward-based and was played internationally (Young 2014). Impact of Red Bull marketing and Event Strategy The above discussion and events clearly distils the remarkable success of Red Bull. The marketing strategy of Red Bull engages consumers through sportsmanship, ideals and heroics. The brand is recognized through logo saturation. The videos depict feats of bravery and athleticism thereby evoking rush among people to drink the beverage. Positive Impacts Red Bull has grown into a powerful beverage brand by using the buzz-marketing strategy (Bustin et al. 2015). The event marketing increases brand equity due to the event attendance. Red Bull brings consumers to the product and not product to consumer (Bustin et al. 2015). Negative Impacts The event marketing of Red Bull also attracts the underage kids who are unfit to consume the beverage. There could be adverse health effects for them on consumption (Mitchell 2015). Red Bull faces competition from other companies such as Monster, Pepsi, Coca-Cola and other soft-drink brands (Mitchell 2015). Conclusion The above report discusses the marketing strategy and success of Red Bull, an Austrian energy drink that is imprinting its footmarks across the globe. 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